Dummy Variable: September 2017

Friday, September 29, 2017

Dummy Variable Year R

3. DUMMY VARIABLES, NONLINEAR VARIABLES AND SPECIFICATION
DUMMY VARIABLES, NONLINEAR VARIABLES AND SPECIFICATION [1] DUMMY VARIABLES (1) senior5t = 1 if t is a fifth year senior; Model with multiple dummy variables Dependent Variable: COLGPA Method: Least Squares Sample: ... Read More

Wooldridge, Introductory Econometrics, 4th Ed. Chapter 10 ...
Wooldridge, Introductory Econometrics, 4th ed. Chapter 10: Basic regression analysis with time series data We now turn to the analysis of time series come, and (as a separate variable) last year’s income. In time series data sets, the observa-tions are dated, ... Return Document

Simplex Algorithm - Wikipedia
Development of the simplex method was evolutionary and happened over a period of about a year. replacing the variable which corresponded to the r-th column of the identity matrix before the The simplex algorithm has polynomial-time average-case complexity under various probability ... Read Article

#19 Earnings Management Explained By Dummy | Interaction ...
Click this video & Subscribe to help me increase my views for making it a success. Please Support & Donate by buying an access ticket to my videos on http:// ... View Video

TATA FUNDAMENTALS - Middlebury
Use capital letters and variable names should only be inputted with capital letters if that is how they appear in the variable window. As we go through some Stata commands in this manual, you will notice that most follow a basic syntax: ... Read More

How To Work With Dummy Variables - Wabash College
This How To answers common questions on working with and interpreting dummy variables. Questions: 1) How to include dummy variables in a regression? 2) How to interpret a coefficient on a dummy variable? 3) ... Return Doc

Use And Interpretation Of Dummy Variables
Use and Interpretation of Dummy Variables Dummy variables The coefficient estimate on the dummy variable is the same but the sign of the effect is reversed So effect of 1 extra year of age on earnings = .0097 if male = (.0097 - .0065) ... Document Retrieval

How To Interpret Regression Coefficients ECON 30331
How to Interpret Regression Coefficients ECON 30331 Bill Evans x3i a dummy variable that equals 1 (if yes) and 0 (if no) age: a one year increase in age will increase the probability of having high blood pressure ... Get Doc

Linear Regression Using Stata - Home | Princeton University
Linear Regression using Stata (v.6.3) Oscar Torres-Reyna . otorres@princeton.edu . Regression: a practical approach (overview) We use regression to estimate the unknown effectof changing one variable over another (Stock and Watson, 2003, ch. 4) using dummy variables/selecting the ... View Full Source

Always Control For Year Effects In Panel Regressions
Always Control for Year Effects in Panel Regressions! *"Year Effects" here really just means a dummy for 1987(!) since there are only two years of data, 1982 and 1987. OLS Regressions of Crimes/1000 Popluation on Unemployment Rate. Title: ... Retrieve Here

Multiple Linear Regression (Dummy Variable Treatment)
• Dummy variable trap This model cannot be estimated (perfect collinearity) When using dummy variables, =0 otherwise Non-wife income (in thousand dollars per year) If the number of kids under six years increases by one, the pro- probability that the ... Return Document

Lecture 14 Measurement Error - Royal Holloway, University Of ...
Trend variable and the units of measurement in this case are years . year | -.0102509 Could also use dummy variable interactions to test whether this trend is stronger after 2000. How? ... Fetch Content

Tesis & Econometría: Manejo De Base De Datos ENAHO ... - YouTube
Stata dummy variable stata do file stata duplicates d. stata d stata command stata d operator stata d.var stata d variable stata youtube stata xscale stata year dummies stata year fixed effects stata year from date stata yline stata year dummy stata y axis range ... View Video

716-6 Dummy Variables And Time Series - Sambaker
It's called a dummy variable because its values are all either 0 or 1. variable and dummy variables that the researcher constructs. A time series can be decomposed into rate of 100%× $ per year. For example, if $ is .01 and Time is in years, ... Document Viewer

Dummy-Variable Regression - SAGE Pub
7 Dummy-Variable Regression O ne of the serious limitations of multiple-regression analysis, as presented in Chapters 5 and 6, is that it accommodates only quantitative response and explanatory variables. ... Access Document

Fama–French Three-factor Model - Wikipedia
The traditional asset pricing model, known formally as the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) uses only one variable to describe the returns of a portfolio or stock with the returns of the market as a whole. Here r is the portfolio's expected rate of return, ... Read Article

Quick Stata Guide - Princeton University
Quick Stata Guide by Liz Foster Table of Contents Part 1: Top Ten Stata Commands 1 describe 1 variable name type format label variable label In particular, it can generate dummy variables and interaction terms. It can be abbreviated ... Read Content

Gravity Model Of Trade - Wikipedia
Gravity model of trade The gravity model of international (2009)), or exporter-country-year and importer-country-year dummy variables. For counterfactual analysis, however, one would still need to account for the change in world prices. ... Read Article

Instrumental Variables Estimates Of The Returns To Schooling
Schooling r. Pischke (LSE) IV September 16, 2016 4 / 31. 9 year of birth dummies X X Pischke (LSE) IV September 16, 2016 17 / 31. IV with a dummy instrument: We have matrix of q exhaustive dummy variable instruments Z. Note that Z = 2 6 6 6 6 4 i ... Fetch This Document

Regression III: Advanced Methods
Regression III: Advanced Methods William G. Jacoby e•Wh tneh partial effect of one variable depends on the value of another, the two variables are said to interact • Fitted values are easily calculated in R using the ... Fetch Doc

Economic Basics For Beginners In Economics
Economic Information for Beginners. Economic Basics covers topics such as "What is Economics?" Microeconomics has a number of cost measures such as 'marginal cost' and 'average variable cost'. What do these cost measures mean? How do we use them? Understanding Costs ... Read Article

TIME SERIES REGRESSION - University Of Delaware
Parameters of the time series regression model. i. Year Imports 1949 0.22 1950 0.36 1951 0.35 1952 0.38 an “interaction” variable that creates a dummy counter of 0 before the intervention and time period number after. 4. ... Get Doc

Handout For PS 15 Dummy Variables And Interaction Terms In ...
Dummy Variables and Interaction Terms in Regressions Suppose we included this dummy variable for dictatorship as an independent variable in a regression with deaths due to political violence as the dependent variable, and IMF loans ... Get Content Here

Tesis & Econometría: Modelos Vectores Auto Regresivos VAR Y ...
Tesis & Econometría: Modelos Vectores Auto Regresivos VAR y SVAR en STATA 13 stata dummy variable stata do file stata duplicates d. stata stata year from date stata yline stata year dummy stata y axis range fisher z stata ... View Video

Bias In Fixed-Effects Cox Regression With Dummy Variables
The dummy variable method for Cox regression with repeated event data is unknown. These simulation results demonstrate that fixed-effects Cox regression with dummy variables is prone to serious inflation of parameter estimates when the number of intervals per ... Retrieve Doc

Empirical Example: Panel Data Model - Miami University
Empirical Example: Panel Data Model xtset id year; xtreg y beertax, r fe; areg y beertax, absorb(id) r; So we declare the panel set. Next we can use either xtreg (with option fe) or areg (with in the dummy variable regression (DVR) yit = 0 + 1xit + ... Fetch Full Source

1 Bo Sjo 2010-11-21 Eviews version Intervention Analysis – How to use Dummy Variables, Seasonal effects, Why to use logs and avoid spuriou s ... Read Document

Dummy Variable Year Stata

EC327: Financial Econometrics, Spring 2013 - Boston College
EC327: Financial Econometrics, Spring 2013 Wooldridge, Introductory Econometrics (5th ed, 2012) The within estimator is implemented by Stata’s within transformation implements what has of-ten been called the LSDV (least squares dummy variable) model because the regression on de- ... Visit Document

Getting Started With Stata - Sacramento State
Getting Started with Stata (creates a male dummy variable) generate white = 1-black-hisp-asian (white dummy variable) Data:Create or change variables:Create new variable ‘year’ and ‘month’ – that define a monthly time series ... Fetch Full Source

Linear Regression Using Stata - Home | Princeton University
Linear Regression using Stata (v.6.3) Oscar Torres-Reyna . otorres@princeton.edu . Regression: a practical approach (overview) We use regression to estimate the unknown effectof changing one variable over another (Stock and Watson, 2003, ch. 4) using dummy variables/selecting the ... Retrieve Document

Regression With Stata - George Mason
• Dependent variable: csat • Independent variable: expense. Steps for Running Regression dichotomous or dummy -coded predictors – Outcome should be continuous. Regression with Stata ... Read Document

Panel Data 4: Fixed Effects Vs Random Effects Models
The Stata XT manual is also a good reference. Fixed Effects vs Random Effects Models Page 2 . xtlogit pov i.mother i.spouse i.school hours i.year i.black age, fe nolog . note: multiple positive outcomes within groups encountered. ... Retrieve Doc

Regression III: Advanced Methods
Dummy Variables, Interactions, and Effect Plots Regression III: Advanced Methods William G. Jacoby Department of Political Science Michigan State University e•Wh tneh partial effect of one variable depends on the value of another, ... Get Content Here

#19 Earnings Management Explained By Dummy | Interaction ...
#19 Earnings Management Explained By Dummy | Interaction Variable | Firm Size | Regression Studyland. In this video I show you how to make a dummy variable for IFRS #30 How To Estimate Modified Jones Model For Every Industry And Year Apart With Stata? - Duration: 6:15 ... View Video

1.1.1 Defining Time-Series In Stata - LearnEconometrics.com
1.1.1 Defining Time-Series in Stata Translates the integers contained in date back into year-quarter form. 5. 4 4. 3 3. 2 2. 1 1. 0 date . list date in 1/5 It identifies the name of the time variable, the dates it covers, ... Read Here

Useful Stata Commands (for Stata Versions 13 & 14) Kenneth L ...
Useful Stata Commands (for Stata versions 13 & 14) P1c. Time Variable from Multiple (e.g., Year and Month) Variables.. 28 P1d. Time Variable Representation in Q1. Fixed Effects – Using Dummy Variables ... Read More

1 The Basics Of Panel Data - Department Of Agricultural ...
Is, a dummy variable for each year multiplied by its regression coe cient; of course, we must exclude one panel data from Table 3, where the unit of observation is a city-year, and suppose we have data for 3 cities for 3 years ... Retrieve Content

A Practical Introduction To Stata - Harvard University
A Practical Introduction to Stata Mark E. McGovern Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Geary Institute and School of Economics, University College Dublin ... Retrieve Content

Lecture Note A2 STATA All You Need To Know About
Lecture A2: All you need to know about STATA In this lecture note, I explain STATA commands that you typically need to do homework in my class. What I can do, Now, because female is not a dummy variable, I create a new dummy variable by typing: . gen women=0 ... Return Doc

Marginal Propensity To Consume - Wikipedia
The marginal propensity to consume is measured as the ratio of the change in consumption to the change in which is crucial to Keynesian economics and a key variable in determining the value of the multiplier. In a standard Keynesian model, the MPC is less than the average propensity to ... Read Article

Lecture 19. Endogenous Regressors And Instrumental Variables
Endogenous Regressors and Instrumental Variables The problem is that the dummy variable D is endogenous, i.e. there is a relation between D and u, e.g. because both are related to the same unobserved variable. If we express the wi th Ati is the age of iin year t and D iis the ... Read Full Source

RUDIMENTS OF STATA - JKU
RUDIMENTS OF STATA I can create an "overfunded" dummy variable which is unity when where year is assumed to be a variable defined in the data set. The variable y85 is unity for observations corresponding to 1985, and zero otherwise. ... Retrieve Doc

People.emich.edu
The prefix i followed by a period before the variable year tells Stata to create 10 dummy variables, one for each year, drop the dummy variable for year 1991, and include the remaining 9 dummy variables as explanatory variables in the regression along with an intercept. ... Return Document

10 Dichotomous Or Binary Responses - Stata
10 Dichotomous or binary responses 10.1 Introduction • chilpres: child present in household (dummy variable) The dataset can be retrieved by typing. use http://www.stata-press.com/data/mlmus3/womenlf Fox (1997) ... Return Document

Cointegration - Wikipedia
Cointegration is a statistical property of a collection Variable shifts in long time series. Tests for cointegration assume that the cointegrating vector is constant during the period of study. In reality, ... Read Article

Outline - Scholars At Harvard
Using STATA: tabulate year, generate (yr) reg Y X yr*, r Using asterisk tells STATA to include all of the variables generate a dummy variable called ”change” that will take values of 1 on the year where the state experienced a change of x1 from 0 to 1. Econ 1123: ... Fetch Content

Setting Up Stata - BluWiki
Setting up Stata We are going to Year is the variable that identifies time periods. This is always the rule. The commands refering to panel data in Stata almost always start with the prefix Let's generate the dummy variable black, which is not in our dataset. ... Return Document

Thursday, September 28, 2017

Dummy Variable Year

Conjoint Analysis - Wikipedia
Conjoint analysis is a survey-based statistical technique used in market often on individual cards. Respondents then rank or rate these profiles. Using relatively simple dummy variable regression analysis the implicit Students are segmented by academic year (freshman, upper ... Read Article

Regression Of Inflation Rate (from CPI) On Year
A. Regress CPI inflation on year and report your results. (2) Regression of Inflation rate (from CPI) on Year Model Summaryb.390a.152 .129 2.7131 .470 Model 1 R R Square DD a dummy variable taking the value 1 if the person was involved in a ... Read Here

Forecasting In STATA: Tools And Tricks
Forecasting in STATA: Tools and Tricks For annual data it is convenient if the time index is the year number (e.g To create a dummy variable equaling “1” for quarterly observations between 1990q1 and 1998q4, and “0 ... Fetch Here

Does The Superbowl Predict Economic Growth?
The first was a dummy variable which indicates which conference won the Superbowl. Our dummy variable equals '1' if the NFC team won and '0' if the AFC team one. the more the NFC wins by the more the economy grows that year. ... Read Article

Codebook: Fiscal Policy And The Democratic Process In The ...
Variable Information and Data Sources 1. Garrett.dta † Information on the variables and data sources used to create this data set can be found in Geoﬀrey Garrett’s (1998) Partisan Politics in the Global Economy, ... Return Document

SAS Simple Linear Regression - University Of Michigan
YEAR 73 75.7397260 3.5630332 70.0000000 Regression Model with Dummy Variables. Linear regression models were originally developed to link a SAS also over-parameterizes the model, including a dummy variable for each level of ORIGIN, but setting the parameter for the highest ... Get Document

Empirical Example: Panel Data Model - Miami University
Empirical Example: Panel Data Model The data ﬁle fatality.csv contains (balanced) panel data for annual observations of 48 US states from year 1982 to 1988. The description of variables is below in the dummy variable regression (DVR) ... Fetch This Document

Time Series Regression - Sacramento State
To account the seasonality observed in the exploratory analysis of the the time series for ABX sales, create dummy variables for three The picture below shows how to recode the column to create a dummy variable for the first quarter of every year. The remaining two columns are then recoded ... Return Document

Meaning Of Independent And Dependent Variable - YouTube
Check out their videos: http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5I7E This is a video I made for my science lesson while we are research on the meaning of Independent and Dependent Variable. The information in the video is double checked by our science teacher and proved that it is the ... View Video

Outline - Scholars At Harvard
What happens if you instead include the variable year in the regression? You are including the variable as continuous, thus, generate a dummy variable called ”change” that will take values of 1 on the year where the state experienced a change of x1 from 0 to 1. Econ 1123: ... Retrieve Content

Regression III: Advanced Methods
Regression III: Advanced Methods William G. Jacoby Department of Political Science Michigan State University http://polisci.msu.edu/jacoby/icpsr/regress3. 2 Interaction Effects (1) • Dummy variables test for differences in level but not in quantitative variable (especially an interaction) we ... Get Document

Dummy Variables - Portland State University
Although you can use these commands to change values of existing variables, I recommend that you always create a new variable with a new name when using these commands to avoid the potential for confusing an old and a new variable having the same name. Dummy Variables ... Fetch Full Source

CHAPTER 4 Regression With A- Nonst Tionary Variables
CHAPTER 4 Regression with a- Nonst may be a dummy variable reflecting a discrete change in the environment plied by a deterministic trend with the complications and surprises faced year after year by workers, businesses, and governments.” ... Fetch Content

Dummy Variable Model In Pooling Data
Dummy Variable Model in pooling Data & a production model year 1960-2000) Ln X1it is the logarithm of investment for sector i (two sector) in time t(40 Dummy variable model allows estimation of Individuals Effects, where ... Access Full Source

Tesis & Econometría: Series De Tiempo En STATA 13 - YouTube
Tesis & Econometría: Series de Tiempo en STATA 13 Elias Moreno Alfaro. Loading stata dummy variable stata do file stata duplicates d. stata stata year from date stata yline stata year dummy stata y axis range fisher z stata ... View Video

Chapter 14
If a dummy variable for gender is included in a multiple regression analysis, The production of automobile tires in any given year is related to the number of automobiles produced this year and in prior Chapter 14. 255 Statistical Techniques in Business & Economics, Lind/Marchal/Wathen ... Read Full Source

Abstract - MASTER ECONOMICS, EMPIRICAL APPLICATIONS AND POLICIES
Abstract This master’s thesis uses a dummy variable approach and an extended dummy variable approach to test for the existence Dummy variable approach stock returns varies by day of the week and month of the year. ... Retrieve Content

Origins Of The Great Inflation
Using a dummy variable to represent the oil price shock, we get the adjusted Year-on-Year Growth, Adjusted CPI, January 1965–July 1983 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jan 71 May Sep 72 May 72 Sep 72 7373 Jan 74 7 4 Sep 74 75 May 76 Jan 77 May Sep 78 79 80 Growth Rate (Percent) ... Doc Retrieval

FUNCTIONAL FORM AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE Q
FUNCTIONAL FORM AND STRUCTURAL CHANGEQ 6.1 INTRODUCTION One of the most useful devices in regression analysis is the binary, or dummy variable. unusual year, such as the year of a major strike or a major policy event. (See, for ... Get Content Here

Debye–Hückel Equation - Wikipedia
In the same year they first published this paper, Debye and Hückel, hereinafter D&H, is a dummy variable indicating the species is the number of species participating in the reaction is the mole fraction of species is ... Read Article

Instrumental Variables Estimates Of The Returns To Schooling
Birthday within the year. Pischke (LSE) IV September 16, 2016 11 / 31. How compulsory schooling laws and school entry rules with multiple dummy instruments. Suppose we have a variable Q i, for quarter, which takes on four values 1 to 4. Then, using the structural equation lnY i = a+ bS i +h ... Doc Viewer

EC327: Financial Econometrics, Spring 2013 - Boston College
EC327: Financial Econometrics, Spring 2013 Wooldridge, Introductory Econometrics (5th ed, 2012) For a model with a single explanatory variable, yit= 1xit+ ai+ uit (1) If we average this equation over time for each (least squares dummy variable) ... Document Viewer

Creating New Variables Using Stata - YouTube
This video introduces the programming concepts and syntax for creating new variables. The Stata commands covered include generate, replace, recode, label define, label values, label variable, and label data. ... View Video

Dummy Variable In Xtreg

Training Module 5: Panel Data Regressions - AGRODEP
Module 5 – Panel Data Regressions 2. xtreg The main Stata command for panel data regressions is called xtreg. As we saw in module 3, this will include the dependent variable plus a dummy for treatment, a dummy for post, ... Read Content

Using Outreg2 To Report Regression Output, Descriptive ...
Using outreg2 to report regression output, descriptive statistics, frequencies and basic crosstabulations (using variable x2) by using the option append (NOTE: xtreg y x1 x2 x3, fe robust outreg2 using myreg.doc, replace ctitle ... Retrieve Here

Stata - Ticoneva.com
Stata Workshop ver. 2.1 Prepared by for the dummy variable, we can encode the variable into numeric first . encode. dep _ variable indep_variables, fe i(new numeric dummy variable) xtreg hourlywage tenure, fe i(martialstatus_numeric) Output of . encode. The leftmost variable is in fact ... Retrieve Content

Section 8 Models For Pooled And Panel Data - Reed College
Section 8 Models for Pooled and Panel Data Data definitions o Panel data commands in Stata start with xt, as in xtreg. Be careful about dummy-variable trap) alone allows the intercept to have a different value in each ... Doc Viewer

Fixed Effects Model - Wikipedia
In statistics, a fixed effects model is a statistical model in which the model parameters are fixed or non-random quantities. One is to add a dummy variable for each individual > (omitting the first individual because of multicollinearity). This is ... Read Article

Outline - Scholars At Harvard
We ﬁrst need to generate a dummy variable for each year, and then include them all in the regression. Using STATA: tabulate year, generate (yr) xtreg test scores x1 x2, fe vce(cluster schools) This regression has clustered standard errors at the school ... Read Full Source

The Stata Journal ( A Review Of Stata Routines For Fixed ...
A Review of Stata Routines for Fixed Eﬀects Estimation in Normal Linear Models Daniel F. McCaﬀrey The RAND Corporation Pittsburgh, PA developing routines for eﬃcient estimation of such models including areg and xtreg and user-generated routines such as felsdvreg (Cornelissen (2008 ... Read Content

Empirical Example: Panel Data Model - Miami University
Empirical Example: Panel Data Model The nice thing about xtreg and areg is, they automatically carry out the within transformation and generate the time-demeaned variable. 3. in the dummy variable regression (DVR) yit = 0 + 1xit + ... Read Full Source

IV Estimation Using Stata - University Of Oxford
IV Estimation Using Stata – A Very Basic Introduction The Stata dataset CARD.DTA contains data on a sample of 3010 working men aged 1976 (south76), a dummy variable equal to one if the individual lives in a standard metropolitan statistical area in 1976 ... Access Full Source

Www.stata.com
Areg — Linear regression with a large dummy-variable set DescriptionQuick startMenuSyntax OptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and command in[XT] xtreg for an estimator that handles the case in which the number of groups increases with the sample size. Quick start Linear ... Read Document

Count Models Tobit Models Probit Logit Models Review Of ...
Review of Linear Probability Probit/Logit Models Tobit deﬁning dt as a dummy variable identifying each year t, the equation is written To estimate this equation, use the interaction operator, #. xtreg lwage manu#year, fe xtreg lwage manu##year, fe The ﬁrst produces average effects of ... Access Doc

OUTREG HELP PAGES - Northwestern University
OUTREG HELP PAGES single table with the variable coefficients lined up properly using the append for example, for excluding numerous dummy variable coefficients. Many Stata estimation commands make it possible to exponentiate the coefficients under the procedure-specific names of ... Content Retrieval

Mgmt 469 Fixed Effects Models Table 1: A Single Cross-section ...
There is a shortcut in Stata that eliminates the need to create all the dummy variables. Suppose that our variable names are quantity, price, city and year. If we type: xi: regress quantity price i.city i.year ... View Full Source

People.emich.edu
Create a dummy variable named college that takes a value of 1 if a worker has education beyond a high school degree If you also want to obtain estimates of the state dummy variables you can use the least-squares dummy variable estimator. The command is xtreg spend inc age65 ins i.year i ... Return Document

STATA COMMANDS - Antony Davies
STATA COMMANDS Note: Brackets indicate a variable name Note: The sequence of dummy variables will be called [name]1, [name]2, [name]3, etc. xtreg [dependent variable] [regressor 1] [regressor 2] [regressor N], ... Get Content Here

Instrumental-variables Regression Using Stata® - YouTube
Two-Stage least squares (2SLS) regression analysis using stata in eglish - Duration: 14:27. Meo School Of Research 4,545 views ... View Video

Panel Data Methods For Microeconometrics Using Stata
Time variable: t, 1 to 7 delta: 1 unit A. Colin Cameron Univ. of California - Davis (Based on A. Colin Cameron and Pravin K. Trivedi,Panel methods for Stata Microeconometrics using Stata, Stata Press, forthcoming.April 8, 2008 10 / 55 ) ... View This Document

Setting Up Stata - BluWiki
Setting up Stata We are going to allocate 10 megabites to the dataset. Let's generate the dummy variable black, which is not in our dataset. xtreg ln_wage grade age ttl_exp tenure black not_smsa south, be ... Content Retrieval

5 Panel Data - Faculty.smu.edu
5 Panel Data † panel data † STATA: -xtreg, fe fd-, -areg-98 † LSDV (Least Squares Dummy Variable Model) yit = XN j=1 ... Doc Retrieval

Useful Stata Commands (for Stata Versions 13 & 14) Kenneth L ...
Useful Stata Commands (for Stata versions 13 & 14) P1d. Time Variable Representation in Stata Fixed Effects – Using Dummy Variables .. 30 Q2. Fixed Effects – De-Meaning ... Get Doc